Molarity to Normality Converter
Convert Molarity (M) to Normality (N) by entering the molarity and the equivalence factor (n).
Result
--- N
Molarity vs. Normality
Molarity (M) is the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.
Normality (N) is the number of gram-equivalent weights of solute per liter of solution.
Conversion Formula
Normality (N) = Molarity (M) × n
Where n is the equivalence factor (or valence factor), which depends on the reaction type:
- For acids: n = number of H+ ions (e.g., HCl -> 1, H2SO4 -> 2).
- For bases: n = number of OH- ions (e.g., NaOH -> 1, Ca(OH)2 -> 2).
- For redox reactions: n = number of electrons transferred.
Example
To find the normality of 0.5 M H2SO4:
Since H2SO4 can donate 2 protons (H+), n = 2.
N = 0.5 M × 2 = 1.0 N